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Background: Gutka chewing is the most and popular form of smokeless tobacco use in India. Epidemiological studies showed a strong association between smokeless tobacco use and oral precancerous lesions, carcinoma and other oral mucosal lesions. Aim and objectives: To know the patterns of clinical and pathological manifestations of oral mucosal lesions in Gutka chewers (patients) attending out-patient department of oral Medicine and Radiology at Govt. Dental college/ Hospital, Hyderabad, To assess the efficacy of the oral brush cytology in the detection of precancer and cancerous conditions of the buccal mucosa. Materials and methods: Oral mucosal lesions diagnosed in patients of both sexes with Gutka chewing habit were taken at Dept. of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Govt. Dental College, Hyderabad. Total 800 cases were studied from 2006 to 2017 (10 years study), Oral Brush cytology Procedure with papanicolaou staining procedure was used. Brush cytology results were divided into 3 groups: Negative brush cytology (normal or inflammatory smear), Positive brush cytology (Dysplasia positive smear), Atypical brush biopsy (Suspicious smear). Results: Out of 800 patients, males (80%) outnumbered females. Total no of controls 2246 with 51% were males. 75% were below 30 years of age. Higher percentage of cases (60%) belonged to the P. Ram Mohan, Lakshmi Narayana, G. Sai Sowmya, Tamilarasi. Clinical, Cytological and Histopathological Correlation of Oral Mucosal Changes in Gutka Chewers - A Prospective Study. IAIM, 2018; 5(11): 70-76. Page 71 lower socio economic groups. Clinical diagnosis of sub mucosal fibrosis and carcinoma corresponding to histopathological confirmation is almost 100%. Conclusion: Oral brush cytology is useful in early detection of precancerous and cancerous conditions of the oral cavity lesions in Gutka chewers
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About one-third of patients with transsphenoidal basal encephaloceles have associated congenital anomalies, including cleft palate. Moreover, they are often plagued by symptomatic exacerbations in the form of upper respiratory obstructions, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, meningitis, etc., with few patients being asymptomatic. We herein present a rare asymptomatic case of transsphenoidal basal encephalocele in an 18-month-old child with cleft palate and highlight a modified version of two-flap palatoplasty.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Infant , Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak , Cleft Palate , Encephalocele , MeningitisABSTRACT
Background: It describes a spectrum of conjunctival and corneal epithelial neoplasia, manifesting as Dysplasia, Carcinoma in Situ and Ocular squamous cell neoplasia (OSSN). Aim: To study the association between human immunodeficiency virus and ocular surface squamous neoplasia. Materials and methods: It was a prospective interventional study on total 60 eyes of 60 patients with Ocular squamous cell neoplasia (OSSN) was included in this study diagnosed Histopathologically. Bilateral and recurrent OSSN cases, which were diagnosed by repeat excision biopsy and HPE were included only once to exclude HIV statistics. Results: A total of 72 patients of clinical OSSN attended, the OP Department of Occuloplastics. 3 patients did not consent for surgery and were dropped from the study (2 HIV reactive 1 HIV nonreactive). 9 patients HPE negative for OSSN and were dropped from the study. 60 eyes of 60 patients were included in the study all had histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of OSSN. Minimum age was 6 years and maximum age was 80 years. HIV reactive and HPE positive OSSN was 12. 1 patient had lower lid palpabral conjunctival tumor OSSN – A typical presentation. CD4+ T lymphocytes of the patients were around 250 cells / cuml and below in all HIV positive patients. OSSN can occur from 6 years to 80 years Common age group for affection was 51 - 60 years i.e. above 50 years but it can affect any age group. This disease has male preference. HIV association was 20% of cases. Neglected old patients reported late i.e. 3.3% had radical surgery. Recurrence of the tumour was 3.3% so regular follow up is needed. OSSN develops when the CD4 counts were less than 250cell/cu ml. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the study that there is an association between HIV infection and OSSN.
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Natural products particularly plant origin have played a vital role in prevention and mitigation of human diseases. The present study was carried to evaluate the antihyperglycaemic and wound healing activity of the leaf Extracts of Tiliacora acuminate (Lam) on rats, the aqueous leaf extract was found to produce significant reduction of blood glucose concentration between 2-4 h of administration in alloxan induced hyperglycaemic rats at tested dose levels. However, in normoglycaemic animals, the extract at 400mg/kg produced significant reduction of blood glucose between 2-4 h of administration. In the wound healing studies, the leaf juice was found to be more active than the extract.
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Introduction: Serum leptin levels are increased in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients primarily due to decreased clearance by kidneys. As leptin is a 16 Kda protein, it is also not cleared even by dialysis using conventional dialyzers or by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Studies have shown that elevated leptin levels are corrected after successful renal transplantation. With this intention, we determined if restoration of renal function with kidney transplantation can reduce serum leptin concentration in CKD patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 Patients undergoing living donor kidney transplantation were studied. There were 13 men and 8 women, from 16 to 45 years of age. All patients were receiving Hemodialysis prior to transplant. All patients received triple immunosuppressant therapy after the surgery. There were no graft rejections. Blood samples were collected under fasting conditions before and 6 days after transplantation. Results: The mean age of the patients was 28.38±9.38 years. Pre transplantation leptin concentration was 9.96 + 3.48 ng/ml and this decreased to 4.07±1.7 ng/ml within six days of transplantation (p<0.0001). However there was no concomitant change in Body Mass Index (BMI) as the follow-up was too short. Plasma Creatinine level declined from 7.5±1.6 mg/dl to 1.1±0.7 mg/dl within six days after transplantation. Conclusion: Successful renal transplantation immediately reduces serum leptin levels along with serum creatinine. The reduction in serum leptin levels after renal transplantation is likely due to reversal of renal function. Neither pre nor post transplant plasma Leptin levels correlated significantly with BMI in our study.
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Dynamic hip screw fixation is a commonly performed procedure for internal fixation of intertrochanteric femoral fractures. Arterial injury following the operative fixation is a rare but serious event. We present a patient who developed pseudoaneurysm of profunda femoris artery after internal fixation of intertrochanteric fracture with a dynamic hip screw. The diagnosis was confirmed by angiographic study and it was successfully treated by coil embolization.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Accidental Falls , Aneurysm, False , Diagnostic Imaging , Therapeutics , Angiography , Bone Screws , Embolization, Therapeutic , Femoral Artery , Femoral Fractures , General Surgery , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Methods , Hip Fractures , General Surgery , Postoperative Complications , Diagnosis , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
Context: Automated analyzers based on flow cytometry have evolved as an effective adjuvant diagnostic tool in malaria diagnosis. Aim: To find out the correlation of interpretive (IP) message from automated hematology analyzer XS-800i and Plasmodium infection diagnosed in peripheral smear. Settings and Design: Prospective study carried over a period of 2 years (July 2010 to June 2012). Materials and Methods: All cases with IP message of eosinophilia in Sysmex XS-800i analyzer were screened for microscopic correlation of eosinophilia and other peripheral smear findings. Results: In 24 out of 5012 patients with eosinophilia, microscopic eosinophil counts were normal. In these 24 cases, IP message in hematology analyzers was that the eosinophilia and WBC scattergram showed narrowed space between the eosinophil and neutrophil population. On careful examination of the peripheral smears of all 5012 cases, 39 cases revealed different stages of Plasmodium vivax (trophozoites, schizonts or gametocytes) in erythrocytes. Conclusion: Peripheral smears of the cases having inconsistent eosinophilia result with that of Sysmex XS-800i analyzer should be examined carefully for the presence of malaria parasites in the red blood cells. Sysmex XS-800i analyzers have moderate range of sensitivity and high degree of specificity in diagnosing malaria as spurious eosinophilia.
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Teratoid Wilms' tumor is an extremely rare renal tumor. We report a case of unilateral teratoid Wilms' tumor in a 4-year-old girl. The patient was admitted with a right-sided abdominal mass. The mass was arising from the right kidney. Radical nephrectomy was done and the patient had an uneventful recovery. Histopathology report showed teratoid Wilms' tumor
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Congenital penile urethrocutaneous fistula is described as an unusual developmental anomaly in children who present with an abnormal opening on the ventral aspect of penis with a normal foreskin and an absence of chordee and hypospadias. The authors present a discussion on the etiology, embryology, and management of this entity along with a description of three cases. We emphasize meticulous clinical examination for the diagnosis and to rule out other associated anomalies
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This is a case report of a girl aged 4 years who presented with repeated attacks of chocking and dysphagia. She was diagnosed to be having an acquired tracheo- oesophageal fistula caused by fish bone impaction. She was treated successfully. In this report, the literature was reviewed of this rare condition.